Mexico has a population of about 129 million people and a GDP per capita of approximately $13,000 USD in 2023. It is the second-largest economy in Latin America.
The economy is closely linked to the United States through the USMCA trade agreement. Manufacturing, especially automotive, electronics and medical devices, is a major driver, alongside oil, agriculture and tourism.
Mexico’s main imports include electronic components, machinery, car parts, refined fuels, plastics and food products, a large share of which comes from the United States and China. Spanish-language labelling and compliance with Mexican standards are required for most consumer products.
Key cities include Mexico City, the capital and largest business centre; Monterrey, the industrial hub of the north; Guadalajara, a centre for technology and consumer goods; and the ports of Manzanillo and Veracruz for sea freight.

